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my team conducted artificial life

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simulations to examine the origins of

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cellularity and metabolism

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organisms consistently evolved towards

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low cellularity and metabolic complexity

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when easy to use resources were abundant

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and towards high cellularity and

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metabolic complexity when they were not

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it makes evolutionary sense to be open

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when simple resources are abundant

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complex metabolism is unnecessary and

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horizontal gene transfer hinders

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darwinian evolution in deep leaded

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environments there is selection for

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complex metabolisms capable of utilizing

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complex resources

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and cellularity in order to retain both

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metabolic products and genetic fidelity

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any geochemically rich origin of life

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setting would have prevented the

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selection of cellular life

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cellularity and metabolism co-evolved

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likely in response to a change in the

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geochemical setting of life's origin

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and this may have facilitated a greater

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ability for darwinian evolution

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here are additional resources and my